Case matching is not an essential feature of English (only personal pronouns and pronouns that have a case mark). The correspondence between such pronouns can sometimes be observed: the word “correspondence” when referring to a grammatical rule means that the words a writer uses must correspond in number and gender (if any). For details on the two main types of matches, see below: subject-verb match and noun-pronoun agreement. In noun sentences, adjectives show no agreement with the noun, but pronouns do. z.B. a szép könyveitekkel “with your beautiful books” (“szép”: nice): The suffixes of the plural, the possessive “your” and the box “with” are marked only on the noun. Noun-pronoun correspondence: alignment of number and gender In early modern English, there was a correspondence for the second person singular of all verbs in the present tense as well as in the past tense of some common verbs. It was usually in the form -est, but also -st and -t occurred. Note that this does not affect the ends for other people and numbers. “In English, the agreement is relatively limited.
It occurs between the subject of a sentence and a verb in the present tense, so that, for example, in a subject in the third person singular (e.B. John), the verb must have the suffix ending -s. That is, the verb agrees with its subject by having the appropriate ending. So John drinks a lot grammatically, but John drinks a lot is not grammatical as a sentence in itself because the verb does not match. For example, in Standard English, you can say that I am or that he is, but not “I am” or “he is”. Indeed, the grammar of the language requires that the verb and its subject correspond personally. The pronouns I and he are the first and third person respectively, as are the verb forms on and is. The verbal form must be chosen in such a way that, unlike the fictitious agreement based on meaning, it has the same person as the subject. [2] [3] For example, in American English, the term “United Nations” is treated in the singular for the purposes of the agreement, although it is formally plural.
Correspondence usually involves matching the value of a grammatical category between different components of a sentence (or sometimes between sentences, as in some cases where a pronoun must match its predecessor or presenter). Some categories that often trigger a grammatical match are listed below. There is also a gender agreement between pronouns and precursors. The correspondence is similar to Latin, for example, between adjectives and nouns in gender, number, case, and animacy (if counted as a separate category). The following examples are from Serbo-Croatian: Here you will learn how to gather subjects and verbs, pronouns and precursors, and maybe even some outfits. You will learn how the agreement also works with collective nouns and indefinite pronouns. Match is a big problem because it happens at least once per sentence. Such a similarity can also be found in predicate adjectives: man is tall (“man is great”) vs. chair is large. (In some languages, such as.B.
German, however, is not the case; only attribute modifiers show the match.) In the case of verbs, gender matching is less common, although it can still occur. For example, in the French composite past, the participation of the past corresponds to the subject or an object in certain circumstances (see past compound for more details). In Russian and most other Slavic languages, the form of the past in the genre coincides with the subject. Here are some special cases for subject-verb pairing in English: A rare type of correspondence that phonologically copies parts of the head instead of agreeing with a grammatical category. [4] For example, in Bainouk: another characteristic is the agreement in participles, which have different forms for different genres: adjectives correspond in gender and number with the nouns they modify in French. As with verbs, matches are sometimes only displayed in spelling, as forms written with different matching suffixes are sometimes pronounced in the same way (e.B. pretty, pretty); Although in many cases the final consonant is pronounced in the feminine forms, in the masculine forms it is silent (e.B. small vs.
small). Most plural forms end in -s, but this consonant is pronounced only in connecting contexts, and these are determinants that help to understand whether the singular or plural is signified. The participles of verbs correspond in gender and number in some cases with the subject or object. In Hungarian, verbs have a polypersonal correspondence, which means that they agree with more than one of the arguments of the verb: not only with its subject, but also with its (accusative) object. A distinction is made between the case in which there is a particular object and the case in which the object is indeterminate or there is no object at all. (Adverbs have no effect on the form of the verb.) Examples: Szeretek (I like someone or something that is not specified), szeretem (I love him, she, she or she, specifically), szeretlek (I love you); szeret (he loves me, us, you, someone or something that is not specified), szereti (he loves him, she or she in particular). . . .